Paper B converts the fail-safe door duty into a sizing method: the continuous-lock energy budget, a chemistry scorecard, fail-safe egress coordination, cell architecture and the charger and supervision choices a multi-door site needs.
Unlike an alarm panel, an access-control door often draws current continuously to hold a magnetic lock. Paper A dissects that duty under EN 50133-1 and UL 294 and explains the fail-safe versus fail-secure tension.
Paper C maps the evidence a manufacturer needs to declare a graded alarm panel: EN 50131-6 standby and changeover tests, IEC 61951-2 cell endurance, IEC 62133-1 safety, UN 38.3 transport and the UK PD 6662 overlay.
Paper B turns the EN 50131-6 standby duty into a repeatable sizing method: the quiescent-plus-alarm energy budget, a chemistry scorecard, cell matching and the charger decisions that decide long-term reliability.
An intruder panel must keep every detector, loop and communicator alive when the mains is cut. Paper A dissects that standby duty under EN 50131-1 and EN 50131-6 and maps it onto a NiMH pack.
A claims-assurance paper for circularity: how recycling efficiency and material recovery are defined and evidenced, how to state recovered-content claims, and what the battery passport and due-diligence duties will require.
A design-and-operations paper: what EPR compliance asks of a battery producer, how to design cells, packs and packaging for efficient return and sorting, and how to plan for the 2027 and 2030 collection targets.
How the EU's extended producer responsibility and rising collection targets reshape the household battery market, and the materials basis for recycling nickel, cobalt and rare-earth elements from NiMH cells.
